Indian+Independence

Read 657-661 and 722-723 Outline notes Indian Independence - Make sure you relate events in India to major world events

India was influenced by the British to expand production of manufacturing goods. The Indians were basically trying to gain a higher role in the government where it makes it more possible to gain independence. Culture identity was growing in the India forming their own nationist idea. Indian nationalist try to freed the nation with the use of violent motives, but also peaceful motives.
 * India, a colony of the British, expanded production during the time of the alliances when fighting the war
 * Indian colonist were use as soldiers to fight in the war; fighting in the war gives them that sense of responsibility and honor
 * movements for independence in India was at the time
 * The movements along with the size of the nation and the role to the British the Indian nationalist movement encourage other movements
 * **National Congress Party**: a political party that led Indians to independence and control the nation after being ruled by the British
 * Regional -> National state
 * Political associations were centered in major cities of Bombay, Poona, Calcutta, and Madras. Congress party was formed in 1885 that consist of high ranked British officials => creating India to be educated and skilled in government
 * Congress Party addressed issues of poverty in India and the decreasing wealth in British
 * Representation in India grew giving them a larger voice
 * barriers between the social classes were breaking down
 * The Indians were growing a sense of identity when they notice how the British appreciated more compared to the Indians
 * Indian business men -> argue against the British -> slowly brought down the British economy
 * Economy of India however was draining because they were paying generously to officials and money supplies to the military
 * National leaders stressed the idea of religious ideas and the appear for Hindus - protection of cows
 * **B.G. Tilak** was concerned about the split of Muslims and Hindus. This leader wanted to endorse the idea of Hindu based laws bu he opposed women's rights
 * Tilak persuade Indians to refuse to serve in the Indian military => to demand for full independence
 * Even though Tilak was a strong nationalist leader he was exile but it promote more Hindu Communist before WWI and became a threat to the British
 * Secret organizations and terrorism was growing; they were using violent ways to go against the British
 * **Morley-Minto reforms**: reforms in 1909 that educated the Indians to vote and work in the government. This way more Indians would be educated and have the ability to rule India
 * India provided funds to British during WWI
 * Because of the war, the Indians were losing profit with exporting their products; Wartime inflation
 * Montagu-Chelmsform reforms of 1919: reforms that increased powers of Indian legislators at the all India level; in a sense they would fully have independence
 * **Mohandas Gandhi** became a new nationalist leader but advocate the use of peaceful but aggressive protests. Gandhi was label as satyagraha or truth force
 * The British did not give independence to the Indians after the WWI


 * During WWI the British offered the Indians all power if they help them with the war
 * Quit India movement: campaigns to destroy Cripps idea for a deal with the Indians for help
 * **Muslim League:** an antifascist alliance was led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah who won favor of the British. This link between India and Britain help with the decolonization
 * Inflation in 1943 and 1945 because of the war causing food shortages
 * The leaders of the Muslim league had came to promote Muslim and to dominate against the Hindus
 * The first president of Pakistan was a Muslim, Jinnah
 * Blood bath was occupies between the Hindu-Muslim and Muslim-Sikh, constantly rioting where women no children who spared
 * People were killed, Villages were destroy, everything and everywhere was being destroy; Gandhi was also shot during one of his prayer meetings
 * When India was granted independence => areas around the world was trying to gain their own independence( Philippines, Japanese, Indonesia)
 * INFLATION
 * Age of imperalism ended

Leader Analysis Sheet Mohandas Gandhi || October 2, 1869- January 30, 1948 || Title: || India || Years in Power ||
 * Name of Leader:
 * Lifespan
 * Country/region:
 * Political, Social, & Economic Conditions Prior to Leaders Gaining Power
 * India was using violent methods to gain independence from the British
 * The British was in control of India; colony
 * Morley-Minto reforms and Montagu-Chlmsford reforms were placed in India but people continue to protest
 * With the Indians produce products for the British during wartime, the British would promise independence
 * Nationalist leaders were growing ||
 * Ideology, Motivation, Goals:

[]
 * Gandhi based his ideas on satyagrapha or truth force
 * his way was to have the British weakening but in a peaceful manner.
 * Using his knowledge of law and hindu, he combined it to create his philosophical ideals
 * Gandhi wanted to speak the truth and advocated to do the same
 * Significant Actions & events During Term of Power
 * negotiated with the British where middle class people of India could be educated
 * Quit India Movement where Gandhi advocated a peaceful movement for the British to let go of India
 * During the Partition of India Gandhi struggled for the emancipation of the “untouchables”
 * In the Quit India Movement Gandhi called off the struggle and help set free 100k political prisoners
 * At the time of the Salt March he used peaceful ways to get rid of salt taxes ||
 * Short-Term effects: || Long-Term Effects
 * influence peaceful political leaders
 * The idea of simplicity
 * Vegetarianism
 * Nonviolence
 * Truth ||
 * Truth ||

The unique characteristics of someone or something. Identities are formed by the surrounding environment and whatever the person or thing wants. It's about the wants of the person/things. The influences around the identity is important because its what may or may not alter the ideals and values of the person/things/ Our identity influence the way we see ourselves and others because our identity is what we think of ourselves. Identities have this set characteristics of what is portray as good or bad. What the identity states is good, we view as good; What the identity states as bad, we view as bad. The influences have to power to change what is good or bad. Conformity is when on does what others do. No individualistic. A society decides who belongs and who does not with a set requirements list and or characteristics. Our attitudes and beliefs influence our thinking because our attitudes and beliefs is what we consider is right for one selves. It influence our thinking because its what gives the unique form the person When belonging to a group it means to feel wanted and useful where the group has a certain goal. To be in a group, it wants you to be useful for their goal or the group wouldn't need you. Membership of a group is defined by the person who creates the group, or the higher power. The higher power created the membership by a set or requirements that he/she wants and also the leader of the group would possess this set list of requirements and or characteristics.
 *  What is an Identity?
 *  How are our identities formed?
 *  How does our identity influence the way we see ourselves and others?
 *  What is conformity?
 *  How does a society decide who belongs and who does not?
 *  How do our attitudes and beliefs influence our thinking?
 *  What does it mean to belong to a group?
 *  How is membership defined and by whom is membership defined?



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