Russia+and+Japan



Russia  1. What was the Decemberist uprising? What were its causes and effects?  Decemberist uprising is the rebellion of Western based army officers in 1825. This uprising was inspired by new tsar **Nicholas I**. The uprising was because of the growing culture in trying to use liberal or radical values. It results in secret police expanded. Public areas like schools were small and high supervised. Political changes were being made due to this uprising.

 2. What were the weaknesses of the Russian economy?
 * increase of exports but with similar work ethics of using serfs
 * Russia continue to maintain a agricultural society with serfs
 * Russia create knock offs of Europeans machineries in isolated factories
 * military does not strong enough to protect against outside attack attacks

 3. What caused the Crimean War? what were its major efects?
 * **Crimean War**: (1854-1917) what the attempt to attack Ottoman Empire by the Russians. However because of the industrial disadvantage they lost due to France and British joining in the war. In result it lead to **Alexander II** to change to keep in pace with the advancements. Also this is the time when serfdom was ended in 1789.

 4. Why were serfs emancipated? how did their emancipation differ from the emancipation of slaves in the U.S.? What changes did it create? 5 What were the Zemstvoes? How successful were they? 6. What was the significance of the **Trans-Siberian railroad**? 7. What economic reforms were enaced by Sergei Witte
 * Serfs were emancipated with the freeing of the serfs. Serfs were given land however the money for the land must be paid up before one can be free.
 * Emancipation was use to have a tight grip on the tsarist state. People were stilled tie to land and must work it off to be free.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Changes it create was that it create a larger urban labor force. Population was growing as well as the use of potatoes.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Zemstvoes**: local political councils where they regulated local public works however the local government was also use to control the peasants. The councils gave the middle class the permission to take questions up into local problems. Zemstvoes have no influences to national policies.
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">stimulated mining with iron and coal; as well as trading with West
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">railroad connected Russia with Asia
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Growth of urban class increase
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">enforce high tariffs to protect new industry
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">banking system improves; encouraged the buildings of factories
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Russia became fourth in the world in production of steel

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> 8. What were the signs that Russia was headed to revolution? (think about - intelligentsia, anarchists, Marxists, Bolsheviks.)
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">famines were a continuous sign; peasants were stuck with terrible conditions
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">the increase of education got people to see that Russia's advances was just too slow; intelligentsia: russian word that intellectuals were put into one class
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">anarchists - people who believe that the government should be abolished => violent movements =>terrorist movements. bombings, assassinations
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">people were leavings the countries, mainly Russians Jews because of minorities persecutions
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Alexander II assassinated in a terrorists
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Marxist leadesr - Vladimir IIyich Ulyanov ; argued the idea of capitalism and created an advance industrializations
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">**Bolsheviks**: group of Russian Marxists that was a majority party to "improve Russian conditions"
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">working class anger from peasant griefs

<span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">1. Explain major developments in Japan in the early 1800's <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">2. What effect did the actions of Commodore Perry have on Japan? (include details on Samurai discontent) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">3. List the actions taken by the Meiji State <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">4. Explain how Japan Industrialized - (Private and government roles) <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> The Japanese created a stronger government. In Japan now, the nation created new government banks that would be able to fund trade. Also railroads and being built across the country, connecting people to each part of the nation. Trade within the region became easier and more possible. Land reform also make it possible for farms to expand production. <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> 5. List ways that Industrialization changed Japan <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">6. What division within Japanese society were created by modernization? <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;"> The division within Japanese society created by modernization what the split between the people who wanted to be isolated and the people were wanted to expand. Some people were more interested in the Western styles while others still hold onto the old traditions.
 * Japan: Transformation without Revolution**
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">expanded education to the lower class; more than 40% of men and over 15% percent of women became literate
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Japanese became open to foreign ideas when they took up learning about the Dutch to deal with traders
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Japanese began studying science and went against the use of Chinese medicine
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Commerce was growing even know the nation did not have a sufficient amount of materials to trade with; Monopolies did grow
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Commodore Perry went Edo Bay and use bomb trades so Americans can trade with them
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">It cause the US to be active in Japanese commerce
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Because the Westerners living in Japan have control over the law, not the Japanese law under control
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Daimyos who were conservative were seen as the "status quo" and oppose this idea; strictly believe in isolation
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">this began the sammerai attacks include a murder of a British official
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">this was a reform group by the samurai
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">the leaders took down the troops of the shogunate
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">created a state of power and expanded => effected economic and social structure
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">feudal lord Iwasaki Yataro set up railroad and steam line contracts to compete with the British
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">the former samurai organize political parties, operated similarly to the British
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Diet: rights are given to emperor along with limited Powers for the lower house
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">The diet passes laws but the parliament could not control it
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Meiji advisors are now working wit the imperial rule allowing them representation in the government
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Economy increasing; Japanese becomes more open to the outside world
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">factories, shipyards and being put in place as well as banks, post offices, and laws regulating trade
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">people are starting to take up the business world; rags -> riches
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">population becomes more steady
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">education is growing for all classes
 * <span style="font-family: Georgia,serif;">Western styles were being taken up; the Japanese shaved their head of hair